Watershed Habitat and Extinction Risks to Columbia River Chinook Salmon
Salmonid Research, Monitoring, and Evaluation (RM&E)
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| 2005-5-01 | | Lower Columbia River | | 10/01/2005 | | 12/31/2007 | | 2005 | | Completed | | 01/26/2024 | | |
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Description
The objective of this study was to identify freshwater habitat characteristics that affected the population viability of Snake River spring/summer Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) listed as threatened under the US Endangered Species Act. Population trend data were available, and we extracted freshwater habitat data using a geographic information system (GIS). Spring/summer Chinook salmon populations from the Snake River are similar to each other in life history and have the same migratory routes (e.g., the same number of hydropower dams in their freshwater corridor, and common ocean conditions). The only environment that they do not share is their spawning grounds. Any difference in population viability between those populations may therefore be attributed to spawning ground conditions. We measured extinction risk to fish populations using population trend data from post-1980 years, and related GIS spawning ground habitat variables to extinction risk. Among 34 habitat variables, road density and stream length were found to have significant effects. The extinction risk was proportional to road density, and inversely proportional to stream length. The extinction risk was most sensitive to road density because the absolute value of coefficient of road density was largest. These study results support management activities that reduce road densities and encourage other means to increase fish space capacity.
Project Benefit
1. To identify significant factors of habitat characteristics on Chinook and steelhead productivity through freshwater life-history stages.
2. To develop quantitative, multi-factorial tools for evaluating risk posed by habitat conditions to fish productivity in fresh water.
3. To compare extinction risk metrics for fish productivity in fresh water with that for the entire life-history stage.
Accomplishments
| Research and Monitoring |
| Stream Miles Monitored |
1,265.30 |
1,265.30 |
Funding Details |
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| PCSRF | $56,691 |
| Report Total: | $56,691 |
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Worksites
CRITFC Offices
- Worksite Identifier: CRITFC Offices
- Start Date: 10/01/2005
- End Date: 12/31/2007
Area Description
No Area Description data was found for this worksite.
Location Information
- Basin: Willamette (170900)
- Subbasin: Lower Willamette
- Watershed:
- Subwatershed:
- State: Oregon
- Recovery Domain: Lower Columbia River
- Latitude: 45.528
- Longitude: -122.625
ESU
- Mid-Columbia River Spring-run Chinook Salmon ESU
- Lower Columbia River Coho Salmon ESU
- Columbia River Chum Salmon ESU
- Lower Columbia River Steelhead DPS
- Middle Columbia River Steelhead DPS
- Lower Columbia River Chinook Salmon ESU
Map
Photos
Metrics
Metrics
- E.0
Salmonid Research, Monitoring, and Evaluation (RM&E)Y (Y/N)
- . . E.0.a
RM&E Funding 56,691.00
- . . E.0.b
| Complement habitat restoration project | |
| none |
- . . E.0.c
| Project identified in a plan or watershed assessment. | |
| CRITFC, "WyKanIshMi WaKishWit" |
- . . E.0.d.1
Number of Cooperating Organizations 4
- . . E.0.d.2
| Name Of Cooperating Organizations. | |
| Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission, NMFS, Idaho Department of Fish and Game, Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife |
- . . E.0.e.1
Number of reports prepared 2
- . . E.0.e.2
| Name Of Report | |
| Hyun, S., and R., Sharma. Submitted. Bayesian decision analysis for status of Snake River spring/summer Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) populations at extinction risk. Fisheries Science.
Hyun, S., and D. Graves. In preparation. Watershed habitat and extinction risks to naturally produced Columbia River Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha).
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- . . E.1
MonitoringY (Y/N)
- . . . . E.1.a
Monitoring funding 56,691.00
- . . . . E.1.b.1
Stream Miles Monitored 1,265.30
- . . . . E.1.b.2
Acres of Watershed Area Monitored .0
- . . . . E.1.c.11
Habitat condition monitoringY (Y/N)
- . . . . . . E.1.c.11.a
# miles (to nearest 0.01 mile) monitored for habitat condition 1,265.30
- . . . . . . E.1.c.11.c
# acres (to nearest 0.1 acre) monitored .0
- . . . . E.1.d
| Name Of Comprehensive Monitoring Strategy/Program | |
| None |
- . . . . E.1.e
| Description of monitoring | |
| We found a significant relationship for Snake River spring/summer Chinook salmon between the risk metric (eq. 1) and habitat characteristics of spawning grounds. Significant habitat characteristics were road density and stream length of spawning and rearing habitat. The extinction risk metric is proportional to road density but it is inversely proportional to spawning/rearing stream length. That is, to reduce extinction risk to the fish, we would need to reduce road density and increase stream length for spawning and rearing.
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