FY 2020 Upper Skagit Indian Tribe’s ESA Recovery Planning

As planned, this project provided partial support for the Upper Skagit Indian Tribe’s (USIT) Natural Resources Department activities in the programmatic response to the ESA listing of all six independent Chinook stocks and four Steelhead stocks native to the Skagit Basin. USIT staff attended to local land and water management activities that directly impact listed species within the basin. Additionally, funds supported the broad scale policy coordination of fishery and hatchery management issues surrounding ESA recovery actions for Chinook and recovery planning for Steelhead. This included support for a portion of the tribal policy representatives to participate in local, regional, and state protection and restoration activities via the Lead Entity process. The fishery co-managers have temporarily paused work on the development of a Skagit-specific recovery plan for Steelhead. The project provided tribal infrastructure support for portions of 2 FTE biologists and 1 FTE natural resource policy coordinator.

Tribal technical and policy engagement focuses on all the H’s (Habitat, Hydropower, Harvest, and Hatchery) in the Skagit River Basin as it relates to the listing of all 6 unique Skagit Chinook stocks and 4 unique Steelhead stocks under the Endanger Species Act. One of the primary functions of the Skagit Marblemount Hatchery is the production of two Chinook indicator stocks used to monitor Exploitation Rates as required by NOAA. Policy oversight is needed for all fisheries to ensure harvest actions do not limit the productivity of listed stocks by actively managing by-catch of ESA stocks. The Skagit has 2 major hydropower facilities (FERC # 2150 & # 553), which require monitoring stream flows for the protection of Chinook and Steelhead spawning redds and egg to fry survival, overseeing and participating in habitat protection mitigation, and enhancement measures specific to each FERC project is achieved by this support. This funding allows tribal participation and representation in the processes and actions funded by each of the hydropower facilities in the Skagit. Specific to the Skagit Chinook Recovery Plan, monitoring flow modifications from these facilities is essential to recovery efforts. Staff and policy interact and comment on local, state and federal land use permits and planning forums (Lead Entity) to ensure protection and restoration of critical habitat to increase habitat productivity for Chinook and Steelhead. The Tribe’s effort is based on technical involvement with local Lead Entity and federal permit review and consultation issues focusing on waters in WRIA 3 and 4. Chapter 6 in the Skagit Recovery Plan, “Factors limiting Chinook production” outlines the general mechanisms of decreased productivity (harvest, hatcheries, hydropower, and habitat), while chapter 7, 8, and 9 outline specific strategies to improve productivity with harvest management actions, protecting existing habitat, and habitat restoration strategies. The strategies undertaken by staff align with recovery actions identified in the Skagit Chinook Recovery chapters 7-9.

In addition to Chinook Recovery implementation, Tribal staff will engage with current and near term Steelhead Recovery Planning efforts for the Skagit. The Skagit is the largest basin in Puget Sound, has complex land and water use issues from the delta to the mountain peaks with multiple land management jurisdictions in the basin, two major hydropower facilities, 7 hatchery stocks, one accepted recovery plan for the six independent Chinook stocks, and a goal to develop a Skagit Steelhead recovery plan, the financial support requested by the Tribe for tribal representation is well justified for the protection of ESA stock productivity.